Claimed reductions in fuel consumption are extraordinary. When you consider that the internal combustion engine has a thermal efficiency range of 30% - 35% you realize potential for improvements are very real. This means 65% to 70% of what you put in the fuel tank is wasted.
Turbulence from the grooves alone are only part of the equation. It is a known fact that higher compression improves efficiency. If the modification allows increased compression on low octane fuel, claimed improvements can be realized.